Digital Consumption: An Analysis of the Everyday Practices of Brazilian Instagram Users
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/rlec.6370Keywords:
Instagram, digital social networks, attention economy, digital consumptionAbstract
Within just a few decades, the Internet has become the catalyst for a revolution in the way people connect and disseminate content, offering numerous benefits to society. However, the human mind has been increasingly exposed to an overwhelming volume of information that exceeds cognitive limits, as websites, digital social networks (DSNs), messaging services, and other apps are readily available at users’ fingertips via smartphones. At the same time, reality itself strives to conform to the judgment of the audience within the feed, with places and objects designed to be recorded by smartphones and individuals eager to meet aesthetic and behavioural standards. These are the central themes of the research discussed in this article, with a particular focus on Instagram due to its current relevance and significance. Through semi-structured interviews, the study gathered the experiences of 25 Brazilian users who frequently engage with the platform, born between 1981 and 1996, corresponding to the so-called Generation Y. Also known as millennials, this generation witnessed the transformations from an analogue to a digital world. The methodological procedure used to process the interview data was thematic analysis. In this process, the research sought to answer the following question: what is the impact of the amount of information available and the stimulation generated by interactions with DSNs on users’ routines? Based on nine thematic categories, the main findings indicate that the use of the Internet and DSNs may harm social well-being and become addictive, with users influenced by boredom, escapism, and the “fear of missing out” (FOMO).
Downloads
References
Adorno, T. (2002). Indústria cultural e sociedade (5.ª ed., J. E. Levy, Trad.). Editora Paz e Terra. (Trabalho original publicado em 1947)
Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Palmieri, S., Mansueto, G., Caselli, G., & Spada, M. M. (2021). Fear of missing out (FoMO) and internet use: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 10(4), 879–900. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00083
Alhabash, S., & Ma, M. (2017). A tale of four platforms: Motivations and uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat among college students? Social Media + Society, 3(1), 2056305117691544. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117691544
Alves, A. (2021). O admirável mundo instagramável: A estetização do comportamento de consumidor no Instagram [Dissertação de mestrado, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa]. Respositório do ISCTE. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/23769
Assmann, A. (2008). Canon and archive. In A. Erll & A. Nünning (Eds.), Cultural memory studies: An international and interdisciplinary hand-book (pp. 97–107). Walter de Gruyter.
Baudrillard, J. (1991). Simulacros e simulação (M. J. Costa, Trad.). Relógio D’Água. (Trabalho original publicado em 1981)
Bauman, Z. (2001). Modernidade líquida (P. Dentzien, Trad.). Jorge Zahar Editor Ltda. (Trabalho original publicado em 2000)
Benjamin, W. (2012). A obra de arte na época de sua reprodutibilidade técnica (F. de A. P. Machado, Trad.). Zouk Editora. (Trabalho original publicado em 1935)
Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Wölfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders: An interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bucci, E. (2021). A superindústria do imaginário: Como o capital transformou o olhar em trabalho e se apropriou de tudo que é visível. Autêntica.
Cavanagh, A. (2007). Sociology in the age of the internet. Open University.
Cintra, C. (2020). Instagram face: Um estudo sobre o rosto na era digital [Monografia de pós-graduação, Universidade de São Paulo].
Coelho, T. (2018, 21 de abril). Antes do Instagram: Relembre as redes sociais de fotos dos anos 2000. TechTudo. https://www.techtudo.com.br/noticias/2018/04/antes-do-instagram-relembre-as-redes-sociais-de-fotos-dos-anos-2000.ghtml
Devin, A., & Daniela, L. (2021). The narrow line between photographer and FoMOgrapher. The “fear of missing out” (FoMO) of young professionals. Educational Media International, 59(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2021.1992865
Dimock, M. (2019, 17 de janeiro). Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins. Pew Research Center Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/01/17/where-millennials-end-and-generation-z-begins/
Dunbar R. (2018). The anatomy of friendship. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(1), 32–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.10.004
Firth, J., Torous, J., Stubbs, B. Firth, J., Steiner, G., Smith, L., Alvarez-Jimenez, M. Glesson, J., Vancampfort, D., Armitage, C., & Sarris, J. (2019). The “online brain”: How the internet may be changing our cognition. World Psychiatry, 18(2), 119–129. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20617
Franchina, V., Vanden Abeele, M., van Rooij, A. J., Lo Coco, G., & De Marez, L. (2018). Fear of missing out as a predictor of problematic social media use and phubbing behavior among Flemish adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10), 2319. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102319
Frier, S. (2021). Sem filtro – Os bastidores do Instagram: Como uma startup revolucionou nosso estilo de vida (S. M. Dolinsky, Trad.). Planeta. (Trabalho original publicado em 2020)
Fumagalli E., Dolmatzian, M. B., & Shrum, L. J. (2021). Centennials, FOMO, and loneliness: An investigation of the impact of social networking and messaging/VoIP apps usage during the initial stage of the coronavirus pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 620739. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.620739
Gao, W., Liu, Z., & Li, J. (2017). How does social presence influence SNS addiction? A belongingness theory perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 77, 347–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.09.002
Gindrat, A. D., Chytiris, M., Balerna, M., Rouiller, E. M., & Ghosh, A. (2015). Use-dependent cortical processing from fingertips in touchscreen phone users. Current Biology, 25(1), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.11.026
Goulart, F. (2014). O ontem e o hoje da indústria cultural: Do folhetim aos vlogs e redes sociais digitais. Intuitio, 7(2), 104–121. https://doi.org/10.15448/1983-4012.2014.2.17409
Gupta, M., & Sharma, A. (2021). Fear of missing out: A brief overview of origin, theoretical underpinnings and relationship with mental health. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 9(19), 4881–4889. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.4881
Hall, S. (2006). A identidade cultural na pós-modernidade (11.ª ed., T. T. da Silva & G. L. Louro, Trads.). DP&A Editora. (Trabalho original publicado em 1992)
Henriques, R. (2014). Os rastros digitais e a memória dos jovens nas redes sociais [Tese de doutoramento, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro].
Hoehe, M. R., & Thibaut, F. (2020). Going digital: How technology use may influence human brains and behavior. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 22(2), 93–97. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.2/mhoehe
Horkheimer, M. (2007). Eclipse da razão (S. U. Leite, Trad.). Centauro Editora. (Trabalho original publicado em 1947)
Idoeta, P. (2021, 10 de outubro). Por que algoritmos das redes sociais digitais estão cada vez mais perigosos, na visão de pioneiro da inteligência artificial. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/geral-58810981
Kemp, S. (2025, 03 de março). Digital 2025: Brazil. DataReportal. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2025-brazil
King, A. L., Valença, A. M., Silva, A. C., Sancassiani, F., Machado, S., & Nardi, A. E. (2014). “Nomophobia”: Impact of cell phone use interfering with symptoms and emotions of individuals with panic disorder compared with a control group. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 10, 28–35. https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017901410010028
Kırcaburun, K., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). Problematic Instagram use: The role of perceived feeling of presence and escapism. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17, 909–921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9895-7
Korte, M. (2020). The impact of the digital revolution on human brain and behavior: Where do we stand? Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 22(2), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.2/mkorte
Kozinets, R. (2014). Netnografia: Realizando pesquisa etnográfica online (D. Bueno, Trad.). Penso. (Trabalho original publicado em 2009)
Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030311
Lee, E., Lee, J. A., Moon, J. H., & Sung, Y. (2015). Pictures speak louder than words: Motivations for using Instagram. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 18(9), 552–556. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0157
Lemos, A. (2002). Cibercultura: Tecnologia e vida social na cultura contemporânea. Editora Sulina.
Lévy, P. (1999). Cibercultura (C. I. da Costa, Trad.). Editora 34. (Trabalho original publicado em 1997)
Liang, M. (2022). The end of social media? How data attraction model in the algorithmic media reshapes the attention economy. Media, Culture & Society, 44(6), 1110–1131. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221077168
Lipovetsky, G., & Serroy, J. (2015). A estetização do mundo: Viver na era do capitalismo artista (E. Brandão, Trad.). Companhia das Letras. (Trabalho original publicado em 2013)
Lozano-Blasco, R., Robres, A., & Sánchez, A. (2022). Internet addiction in young adults: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Computers in Human Behavior, 130, 107201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107201
Martins, M. de L. (2011). Crise no castelo da cultura: Das estrelas para os ecrãs. Grácio Editor.
McElroy, E., Shevlin, M., Murphy, S., Roberts, B., Makhashvili, N., Javakhishvili, J., Bisson, J., Ben-Ezra, M., & Hyland, P. (2019). ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD: structural validation using network analysis. World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association, 18(2), 236–237. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20638
McGinnis, P. (2020). Fear of missing out: Practical decision-making in a world of overwhelming choice. Soucebooks.
Milyavskaya, M., Saffran, M., Hope, N., & Koestner, R. (2018). Fear of missing out: Prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of experiencing FOMO. Motivation and Emotion, 42, 725–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9683-5
Molica, R. S. (2022). Vida instagramável? Uma análise das rotinas cotidianas de usuários do Instagram [Dissertação de mestrado, Universidade do Minho]. RepositóriUM. https://hdl.handle.net/1822/82946
Montag, C., Wegmann, E., Sariyska, R., Demetrovics, Z., & Brand, M. (2020). How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of internet use disorders and what to do with “smartphone addiction”? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(4), 908–914. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.8.2019.59
Morin, E. (1980). O cinema ou o homem imaginário: Ensaio de antropologia (2.ª ed., A. P. Vasconcelos, Trad.). Moraes Editores. (Trabalho original publicado em 1956)
Müller, S. M., Wegman, E., Stolze, D., & Brand, M. (2020). Maximizing social outcomes? Social zapping and fear of missing out mediate the effects of maximization and procrastination on problematic social networks use. Computers in Human Behavior, 107, 106296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106296
Newport, C. (2019). Minimalismo digital: Para uma vida profunda em um mundo superficial (C. Gaio, Trad.). Alta Books.
Pittman, M., & Reich, B. (2016). Social media and loneliness: Why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 155–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.084
Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841–1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014
Recuero, R. (2009). Redes sociais na internet. Porto Alegre: Editora Sulina.
Recuero, R. (2019, 9 de julho). Mídia social, plataforma digital, site de rede social ou rede social? Não é tudo a mesma coisa? Medium. https://medium.com/@raquelrecuero/mídia-social-plataforma-digital-site-de-rede-social-ou-rede-social-não-é-tudo-a-mesma-coisa-d7b54591a9ec
Salazar, M. (2017). Mundos-mosaicos: A estetização do cotidiano no Instagram [Dissertação de mestrado, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco]. Attena – Repositório Digital da UFPE. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25182
Santaella, L. (2003). Cultura e artes do pós-humano: Da cultura das mídias à cibercultura (4.ª ed.). Paulus.
Servidio, R. (2023). Fear of missing out and self-esteem as mediators of the relationship between maximization and problematic smartphone use. Current Psychology, 42, 232–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01341-8
Sheldon, P., & Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.059
Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. (2011). Google effects on memory: Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776–778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207745
Statista. (2024a). Leading countries based on Instagram audience size as of January 2024. Retirado em 26 de abril de 2025, de https://www.statista.com/statistics/578364/countries-with-most-instagram-users/
Statista. (2024b). Most popular social media platforms in Brazil as of 3rd quarter 2023, by usage reach. Retirado em 27 de abril de 2025, de https://www.statista.com/statistics/1307747/social-networks-penetration-brazil/
Statista. (2025a). Languages most frequently used for web content as of October 2025, by share of websites. Retirado em 26 de abril de 2025, de https://www.statista.com/statistics/262946/most-common-languages-on-the-internet/
Statista. (2025b). Most popular social networks worldwide as of February 2025, by number of monthly active users. Retirado em 26 de abril de 2025, de https://www.statista.com/statistics/272014/global-social-networks-ranked-by-number-of-users/
Sun, J. (2023). #ProblematicInstaUser: Motivations and the mediating role of fear of missing out among young adults. Current Psychology, 42, 14919–14928. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02775-y
Tolentino, J. (2019, 12 de dezembro). The age of Instagram face. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/decade-in-review/the-age-of-instagram-face
Turkle, S. (2011). Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other. Basic Books.
Wu, J., & Holsapple, C. (2013). Imaginal and emotional experiences in pleasure-oriented IT usage: A hedonic consumption perspective. Information & Management, 51(1), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2013.09.003
Yang, C. C. (2016). Instagram use, loneliness, and social comparison orientation: Interact and browse on social media, but don’t compare. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 19(12), 703–708. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0201
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael de Santiago Molica

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors own the copyright, providing the journal with the right of first publication. The work is licensed under a Creative Commons - Atribuição 4.0 Internacional License.


